|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quelle |
|
|
|
|
|
Brennstoff |
Brennwert (in MJ/kg) |
Heizwert (in MJ/kg) |
Heizwert (in kWh/kg) |
Dichte (in kg/dm³) |
Brennwert (in MJ/m³)(4) |
Heizwert (in MJ/m³) |
Heizwert (in kWh/m³) |
|
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heizwert#cite_note-Matthias_Kramer-9 |
|
|
|
|
fest |
waldfrisches Holz |
* |
6,8 |
1,9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Hausmüll |
* |
2,5–12 |
1–3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
lufttrockenes Holz |
19 |
14,4–15,8 |
4–4,4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Papier |
* |
15 |
4,2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Stroh (absolut trocken) |
* |
17,2 |
4,8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Weizenkörner |
* |
17 |
4,7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Gerstenkörner |
* |
16 |
4,3–4,4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Holzbriketts |
18,7 |
17,6 |
4,8–5,0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Holzpellets |
* |
18 |
4,9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Hanfbriketts |
* |
16,7 |
4,7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Torf |
23 |
15 |
4,2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Olivenkerne |
* |
18 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Rohbraunkohle |
10 |
8 |
2,2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Braunkohlebriketts |
21 |
19,6 |
5,6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Braunkohlekoks |
* |
29,9 |
8,3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Braunkohlestaub |
* |
21,6 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Steinkohle, div. Typen |
29–32,7 |
25–32,7 |
7,5–9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Steinkohlekoks |
* |
28,7 |
7,97 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Steinkohlestaub |
* |
25–30 |
7–8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Petrolkoks |
* |
31 |
8,7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Altreifen/Altgummi |
* |
31 |
8,7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Holzkohle |
* |
28-35 |
7,8-9,7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Kohlenstoff (Graphit) |
32,8 |
32,8 |
9,1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Phosphor |
25,2 |
25,2 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Schwefel |
9,3 |
9,3 |
2,6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Magnesium |
25 |
25 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Trockenschlempe (DDGS) |
ca. 20,5 |
ca. 19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Benzin |
42,7–44,2 |
40,1–41,8 |
11,1–11,6 |
0,720–0,775 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Ethanol |
29,7 |
26,8 |
7,4 |
0,7894 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Methanol |
22,7 |
19,9 |
5,5 |
0,7869 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Diesel, Heizöl EL |
45,4 |
42,6 |
11,8 |
0,820–0,845 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Biodiesel |
40 (RME)(2) |
37 |
10,2 |
0,86–0,9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Heizöl S (schwer) |
42,3 |
40 |
11 |
0,96–0,99 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Erdöl |
* |
42,8 |
11,9 |
0,7–1,02[18] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Isopropanol |
* |
30,5 |
8,5 |
0,775 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Benzol |
41,8 |
40,1 |
11,1 |
0,879 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Bibo(3) |
* |
41,8 |
11,6 |
0,796 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Paraffinöl |
* |
42 |
11,7 |
0,81–0,89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Altfett(1) |
* |
36 |
10 |
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Wasserstoff |
141,8 |
119,972 |
|
|
12,745 |
10,783 |
2,995 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Kohlenmonoxid |
10,103 |
10,103 |
|
|
12,633 |
12,633 |
3,509 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Gichtgas(1) |
1,5–2,1 |
1,5–2,1 |
|
|
2,5–3,4 |
2,5–3,3 |
0,695–0,917 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Stadtgas(2) |
18,21 |
16,34 |
|
|
19…20 |
17…18 |
4,72–5,00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Erdgas(3) |
36…50 |
32…45 |
|
|
35…46 |
31…41 |
8,6–11,4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Methan |
55,498 |
50,013 |
|
|
39,819 |
35,883 |
9,968 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Ethan |
51,877 |
47,486 |
|
|
70,293 |
64,345 |
17,874 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Ethylen (Ethen) |
50,283 |
47,146 |
|
|
63,414 |
59,457 |
16,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Acetylen (Ethin) |
49,912 |
48,222 |
|
|
58,473 |
56,493 |
15,693 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
Propan |
50,345 |
46,354 |
|
|
101,242 |
93,215 |
25,893 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
n-Butan |
49,5 |
45,715 |
|
|
134,061 |
123,81 |
34,392 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gas |
i-Butan |
49,356 |
45,571 |
|
|
133,119 |
122,91 |
34,142 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brennstoff |
Brennwert (in MJ/kg) |
Heizwert (in MJ/kg) |
Heizwert (in kWh/kg) |
Dichte (in kg/dm³) |
Brennwert (in MJ/m³)(4) |
Heizwert (in MJ/m³) |
Heizwert (in kWh/m³) |
|
https://www.energie-lexikon.info/heizwert.html |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Steinkohle |
30 |
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rohbraunkohle |
10 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lufttrockenes Holz |
19 |
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Holzpellets |
20 |
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kerosin |
43 |
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heizöl, schwer |
42,5 |
39,5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heizöl, extraleicht |
45,4 |
42,6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benzin |
47 |
43,6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ethanol |
29,7 |
26,8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Erdgas |
42 |
38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Propan |
50,3 |
46,3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Butan |
49,5 |
45,7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wasserstoff |
143 |
120 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aus Quellen berechnete Mittel: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Phase |
Brennstoff |
Brennwert (in MJ/kg) |
Heizwert (in MJ/kg) |
Brennwert (in kWh/kg) |
Heizwert (in kWh/kg) |
Brennwert (in MJ/l) |
Heizwert (in MJ/l) |
Brennwert (in kWh/l) |
Heizwert (in kWh/l) |
Brennwert (in MJ/m³) |
Heizwert (in MJ/m³) |
Brennwert (in kWh/m³) |
Heizwert (in kWh/m³) |
Dichte (in kg/dm³) |
fest |
waldfrisches Holz |
* |
6,80 |
* |
1,89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Hausmüll |
* |
7,00 |
* |
1,94 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
lufttrockenes Holz |
19,00 |
15,10 |
5,28 |
4,19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Papier |
* |
15,00 |
* |
4,17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Stroh (absolut trocken) |
* |
17,20 |
* |
4,78 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Weizenkörner |
* |
17,00 |
* |
4,72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Gerstenkörner |
* |
16,00 |
* |
4,44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Holzbriketts |
18,70 |
17,60 |
5,19 |
4,89 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Holzpellets |
* |
18,00 |
* |
5,00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Hanfbriketts |
* |
16,70 |
* |
4,64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Torf |
23,00 |
15,00 |
6,39 |
4,17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Olivenkerne |
* |
18,00 |
* |
5,00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Rohbraunkohle |
10,00 |
8,00 |
2,78 |
2,22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Braunkohlebriketts |
21,00 |
19,60 |
5,83 |
5,44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Braunkohlekoks |
* |
29,90 |
* |
8,31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Braunkohlestaub |
* |
21,60 |
* |
6,00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Steinkohle, div. Typen |
30,80 |
28,80 |
8,56 |
8,00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Steinkohlekoks |
* |
28,70 |
* |
7,97 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Steinkohlestaub |
* |
27,50 |
* |
7,64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Petrolkoks |
* |
31,00 |
* |
8,61 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Altreifen/Altgummi |
* |
31,00 |
* |
8,61 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Holzkohle |
* |
31,50 |
* |
8,75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Kohlenstoff (Graphit) |
32,80 |
32,80 |
9,11 |
9,11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Phosphor |
25,20 |
25,20 |
7,00 |
7,00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Schwefel |
9,30 |
9,30 |
2,58 |
2,58 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Magnesium |
25,00 |
25,00 |
6,94 |
6,94 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fest |
Trockenschlempe (DDGS) |
20,50 |
19,00 |
5,69 |
5,28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
flüssig |
Benzin |
43,40 |
40,90 |
12,06 |
11,36 |
32,46 |
30,59 |
9,02 |
8,50 |
|
|
|
|
0,748 |
flüssig |
Ethanol |
29,70 |
26,80 |
8,25 |
7,44 |
23,45 |
21,16 |
6,51 |
5,87 |
|
|
|
|
0,789 |
flüssig |
Methanol |
22,70 |
19,90 |
6,31 |
5,53 |
17,86 |
15,66 |
4,97 |
4,35 |
|
|
|
|
0,787 |
flüssig |
Diesel, Heizöl EL |
45,40 |
42,60 |
12,61 |
11,83 |
37,82 |
35,49 |
10,50 |
9,85 |
|
|
|
|
0,833 |
flüssig |
Biodiesel |
40,00 |
37,00 |
11,11 |
10,28 |
35,20 |
32,56 |
9,78 |
9,05 |
|
|
|
|
0,880 |
flüssig |
Heizöl S (schwer) |
42,30 |
40,00 |
11,75 |
11,11 |
41,24 |
39,00 |
11,46 |
10,83 |
|
|
|
|
0,975 |
flüssig |
Erdöl |
* |
42,80 |
* |
11,89 |
* |
36,81 |
* |
10,23 |
|
|
|
|
0,860 |
flüssig |
Isopropanol |
* |
30,50 |
* |
8,47 |
* |
23,64 |
* |
6,56 |
|
|
|
|
0,775 |
flüssig |
Benzol |
41,80 |
40,10 |
11,61 |
11,14 |
36,74 |
35,25 |
10,21 |
9,79 |
|
|
|
|
0,879 |
flüssig |
Bibo(3) |
* |
41,80 |
* |
11,61 |
* |
33,27 |
* |
9,24 |
|
|
|
|
0,796 |
flüssig |
Paraffinöl |
* |
42,00 |
* |
11,67 |
* |
35,70 |
* |
9,92 |
|
|
|
|
0,850 |
flüssig |
Altfett(1) |
* |
36,00 |
* |
10,00 |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
|
|
|
* |
gas |
Wasserstoff |
141,80 |
119,97 |
39,39 |
33,33 |
|
|
|
|
12,75 |
10,78 |
3,54 |
3,00 |
|
gas |
Kohlenmonoxid |
10,10 |
10,10 |
2,81 |
2,81 |
|
|
|
|
12,63 |
12,63 |
3,51 |
3,51 |
|
gas |
Gichtgas(1) |
1,80 |
1,80 |
0,50 |
0,50 |
|
|
|
|
2,95 |
2,90 |
0,82 |
0,81 |
|
gas |
Stadtgas(2) |
18,21 |
16,34 |
5,06 |
4,54 |
|
|
|
|
19,50 |
17,50 |
5,42 |
4,86 |
|
gas |
Erdgas(3) |
43,00 |
38,50 |
11,94 |
10,69 |
|
|
|
|
40,50 |
36,00 |
11,25 |
10,00 |
|
gas |
Methan |
55,50 |
50,01 |
15,42 |
13,89 |
|
|
|
|
39,82 |
35,88 |
11,06 |
9,97 |
|
gas |
Ethan |
51,88 |
47,49 |
14,41 |
13,19 |
|
|
|
|
70,29 |
64,35 |
19,53 |
17,87 |
|
gas |
Ethylen (Ethen) |
50,28 |
47,15 |
13,97 |
13,10 |
|
|
|
|
63,41 |
59,46 |
17,62 |
16,52 |
|
gas |
Acetylen (Ethin) |
49,91 |
48,22 |
13,86 |
13,40 |
|
|
|
|
58,47 |
56,49 |
16,24 |
15,69 |
|
gas |
Propan |
50,35 |
46,35 |
13,98 |
12,88 |
|
|
|
|
101,24 |
93,22 |
28,12 |
25,89 |
|
gas |
n-Butan |
49,50 |
45,72 |
13,75 |
12,70 |
|
|
|
|
134,06 |
123,81 |
37,24 |
34,39 |
|
gas |
i-Butan |
49,36 |
45,57 |
13,71 |
12,66 |
|
|
|
|
133,12 |
122,91 |
36,98 |
34,14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Phase |
Brennstoff |
Brennwert (in MJ/kg) |
Heizwert (in MJ/kg) |
Brennwert (in kWh/kg) |
Heizwert (in kWh/kg) |
Brennwert (in MJ/l) |
Heizwert (in MJ/l) |
Brennwert (in kWh/l) |
Heizwert (in kWh/l) |
Brennwert (in MJ/m³) |
Heizwert (in MJ/m³) |
Brennwert (in kWh/m³) |
Heizwert (in kWh/m³) |
Dichte (in kg/dm³) |